Variabilités inter-observateurs de la classification IRM PIRADS v2.1 dans la détection du cancer de la prostate à Yaoundé.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55715/jaim.v18i1.895Abstract
Background and objectives. Prostate cancer is the first male cancer in Cameroon. Multiparametric MRI is today the best imaging modality. Despite standardization by the PIRADS system, the optimal applicability of prostate MRI remains controversial as it can be influenced by some parameters. The aim of our study was therefore to evaluate in our setting the inter-observer variability of the PI-RADS v2.1 score assigned in patients with suspected prostate cancer.
Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study in two hospitals in Yaounde between December 2024 and August 2025. The records of 25 patients who had undergone a prostate MRI classified as at least PI-RADS 3 were included on a 1-in-3 basis. Sociodemographic, biological and radiological data were re-evaluated by 7 radiologists (4 seniors ans 3 juniors) blinded to histological data. The degree of agreement between radiologists and the variability of responses were determined using the Fleiss' and Kendall's Kappa and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The differences were considered significant for p-values <0.05.
Results. The mean age of patients was 67.5±8.7 (47-81) years. The main indication of prostate MRI was an elevated PSA. Overall inter-observer agreement for the distribution of PIRADS scores was moderate, but was strong for senior radiologists (W=0.6375) compared to junior (W=0.5811). The T2WI sequences (W=0.3854) and the topography of index lesions (Fleiss' Kappa = 0.1533) presented the lowest agreements whatever the group.
Conclusion. The inter-observer variability for the distribution of PIRADS scores in our setting is low for the senior radiologists and more moderate for juniors. We therefore recommend strengthening the continuing training of radiologists, including artificial intelligence, in order to further harmonize the reporting of multiparametric prostate MRI.
RÉSUMÉ
Contexte et objectif. Le cancer de la prostate est le premier cancer masculin au Cameroun. L’échographie transrectale jadis utilisée est aujourd’hui supplantée par l’IRM multiparamétrique (IRMmp). Mais malgré les efforts de standardisation, l’applicabilité de cette modalité reste confrontée à des difficultés de reproductibilité des scores PIRADS. Le but de notre étude était donc d’évaluer les variabilités inter observateurs du score PIRADS v2.1 dans notre milieu sur des patients suspects de cancer prostatique.
Méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique menée dans deux hôpitaux de Yaoundé entre décembre 2024 et août 2025. Les patients ayant réalisé une IRM prostatique initialement classée au moins PIRADS 3 étaient aléatoirement inclus selon un mode d’échantillonnage 1 sur 3. Les données sociodémographiques, biologiques et radiologiques étaient ensuite relues par 07 radiologues (4 seniors et 3 juniors) en aveugle des données histologiques quand elles étaient disponibles. Les variabilités des réponses des radiologues étaient déterminées grâce aux Kappa de Fleiss et Kendall et au test de Krusskall-Wallis, avec un seuil de significativité de p<0,05.
Résultats. Pour les 25 patients inclus, l’âge moyen était de 67,5±8,7 (47-81) ans et la principale indication de l’IRM était l’élévation des PSA. La concordance inter observateurs globale pour la distribution des scores PIRADS restait modérée, mais était plus forte pour les radiologues seniors (W=0,6375) par rapport aux juniors (W=0.5811). La séquence T2WI (W=0,3854) et la topographie des lésions index (Kappa de Fleiss = 0,1533) présentaient les plus faibles concordances quel que soit le groupe.
Conclusion. La variabilité inter observateurs pour la distribution des scores PIRADS dans notre milieu est faible pour les radiologues seniors et modérée pour les juniors. Nous recommandons donc un renforcement de la formation continue des radiologues, y compris l’usage de l’intelligence artificielle, afin d’harmoniser davantage la lecture de l’IRM prostatique multiparamétrique.
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